Hijab as Identity: An Analysis of Human Rights Violations and Gender Discrimination (Case Study of the 2024 Paris Olympics)

Abstract

The wearing of the hijab has become a symbol of identity for many Muslim women around the world, as well as a point of contention regarding religious freedom and human rights. This study explores the human rights violations and gender discrimination arising from the hijab ban at the 2024 Paris Olympics. It analyses the impact of the ban on Muslim female athletes participating in international competitions, and how this policy reflects the conflict between the right of individuals to express their religious identity and the demands of secularism in the context of global sport. Through a qualitative approach, this research examines the perspectives of athletes, human rights observers, and non-governmental organisations involved in advocating for women's rights and religious freedom. The findings show that the hijab ban at the 2024 Paris Olympics not only hinders the participation of Muslim female athletes but also reinforces religion-based gender discrimination. In addition, the policy is considered to violate basic internationally recognised human rights principles, especially those related to religious freedom and gender equality. The study concludes that dialogue between governments, international sports bodies and advocacy groups is essential to create inclusive policies that respect cultural diversity and religious beliefs without compromising the principles of justice and human rights.