Contribution of the United States, England, and Norway in the Indonesian Net Sink FOLU Program

Abstract

To address environmental issues arising from greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, Indonesia has developed a strategy aligned with the Paris Agreement, which emphasizes long-term plans for low-carbon development and climate resilience. This strategy includes collaborative programs with the US, UK, and Norway through the "Indonesia's Forest and Other Land Use (FOLU) Net Sink 2030" initiative, aimed at reducing GHG emissions in the forestry and land use sectors. Therefore, this article aims to analyze and explain the specific contributions of the US, UK, and Norway as partner countries in supporting the implementation of Indonesia's FOLU Net Sink program. It is a qualitative research that employs a literature review as the data collection method and applies qualitative analysis techniques to process and interpret the obtained data. The results indicate that the UK, Norway, and the US support Indonesia's FOLU Net Sink 2030 program through financial assistance. US has provided funding amounting to USD 50 million over a period of 5 years, UK has offered a guarantee of USD 1 billion for World Bank loans, and Norway has contributed USD 56 million to support Indonesia's reduction of 17 MtCO2e in emissions between 2016-2017. The authors contend that the US, UK and Norway plays a critical role in this program by advancing forest conservation, augmenting financial resources, enhancing monitoring capabilities, and reinforcing international partnerships. With this support, Indonesia has been able to undertake various actions in the Folu Net Sink 2030 program for environmental protection.