The Role of International Organization for Migration (IOM) in Handling Sudan Conflict 2023

Abstract

The root cause of the Sudanese conflict, which began in April 2023, is tensions between two opposing military factions: the Sudanese Armed Forces (SAF), led by General Abdul Fattah al-Burhan, and the Rapid Support Forces (RSF), led by General Muhammad Hamdan Dagalo, known as Hemedi. These tensions escalated following a 2021 military coup, when leaders from both sides attempted to seize control of the government and implement a transition to civilian rule. The outbreak of armed conflict in Sudan in 2023 between the Sudan Armed Forces (SAF) and the Rapid Support Forces (RSF) has triggered a serious humanitarian crisis. The clashes centered around Khartoum and spread to other regions, resulting in thousands of deaths, millions of refugees, and significant damage to infrastructure. The root causes of the conflict are complex and include power struggles, divergent political interests, and complex socio-political dynamics in Sudan. The conflict poses major challenges to regional stability and global security. When devastating conflict erupted in Sudan in 2023, the UN International Organization for Migration (IOM) proved to be a vital lifeline for many people displaced by the violence. Challenges facing IOM include limited access to the conflict area, security risks, and increasing humanitarian needs. Highlighting the organization's steadfast commitment to alleviating the suffering of the Sudanese people and paving the way for a more stable future, this study provides context on the causes, impacts, and efforts to resolve the conflict and IOM's assistance to migrants